Monfared, a prisoner of conscience, was threatened with an additional three-year prison term and exile to a remote prison in reprisal for her open letters seeking truth and justice for her siblings, reported Amnesty International.

She has been serving a 15-year sentence in Tehran’s Evin prison since 2009.

The Urgent Action statement, dated May 22, 2017, said, “On 13 May, Maryam Akbari Monfared’s husband Hassan Jafari Hatam presented himself to a Ministry of Intelligence office in Tehran after he was summoned by telephone for interrogation. He was given no reasons for the summons. Hassan Jafari Hatam has said that at the Ministry, intelligence officials verbally abused him and threatened that his wife would face an additional three-year prison term and exile to a remote prison in Sistan Baluchestan province, south-eastern Iran. They said that these threats would be implemented unless she stopped writing open letters about the fate and whereabouts of several thousand political prisoners, including two of her siblings, who were extrajudicially executed in the summer of 1988. Maryam Akbari Monfared has written several open letters since October 2016 when she filed a formal complaint with the Prosecutor’s Office. She is seeking an official investigation into the 1988 massacre, the location of the mass graves where the prisoners’ bodies were buried, and the identity of the perpetrators.”

The notice said, additionally, ”To date, the authorities have not processed the complaint. Instead, they have resorted to various punitive tactics. They have refused to take Maryam Akbari Monfared to her medical appointments outside prison to receive adequate treatment for her rheumatoid arthritis and thyroid problems. As a result, she is experiencing severe pain in her legs. They have also repeatedly threatened to stop her family visits. In an open letter leaked from prison in November 2016, she wrote: “How do you think you can scare someone in my position into silence? What have you even left for me that you are threatening to deprive me of? Don’t you feel ashamed that you are threatening to cut the family visits of a mother?” Maryam Akbari Monfared has been imprisoned since December 2009, serving a 15- year prison sentence for ‘enmity against God’ (moharebeh). Her conviction is solely based on the fact that she had made phone calls to her relatives, who are members of a banned group, the People’s Mojahedin Organization of Iran (PMOI), and had visited them once in Iraq.”

Also in the Urgent Action Notice, Amnesty wrote, “Maryam Akbari Monfared was arrested on 31 December 2009. For the next five months, her family remained unaware of her fate and whereabouts. She was held in solitary confinement during the first 43 days after her arrest, where she underwent intense interrogations and was denied access to a lawyer throughout. She met her state-appointed lawyer for the first time at her trial, which was limited to one brief session. In May 2010, she was sentenced to 15 years in prison after Branch 15 of the Revolutionary Court in Tehran convicted her of ‘enmity against God’ (moharebeh). The court issued its verdict despite the absence of any evidence that she had been involved in armed activities. Amnesty International understands that Maryam Akbari Monfared was not provided with a written judgement, setting out the evidence and legal reasoning relied upon to convict her. Her husband has said that during her trial session, the judge told her she was paying for the activities of her relatives with the People’s Mojahedin Organization of Iran, a banned opposition group that advocates the overthrow of the Iranian government. Branch 33 of the Supreme Court upheld the sentence in August 2010.”

Monfared submitted a request for retrial (e’adeh dadresi) to the Supreme Court based on Article 279 of Iran’s 2013 Islamic Penal Code, which restricts the scope of the crime of “enmity against God” to situations when an individual personally resorts to the use of arms in early 2016.

Prior to the 2013 Islamic Penal Code’s adoption, a member or supporter of an organization planning to overthrow the Islamic Republic by procuring arms, was considered an “enemy of God” (mohareb) even if that person did not individually take part in the military activities of the organization.

The Supreme Court rejected Monfared’s retrial request in April 2016, and ruled that any request for a lesser penalty based on the changes to the 2013 Islamic Penal Code must be made to the court where the the death sentence was initially issued. Maryam Akbari Monfared’s case was subsequently returned to Branch 15 of the Revolutionary Court in Tehran and the court maintained its original verdict.

Monfared wrote in an open letter, leaked from Evin prison in October 2016, “Three of my brothers and one of my sisters were executed in the 1980s… My youngest brother Abdolreza was 17 years old when he was arrested for distributing PMOI literature and sentenced to three years in prison. The authorities refused to release him for years after he completed his sentence and executed him in 1988… My other brother Alireza was arrested on 8 September 1981. He was tried and executed 10 days later… On the seventh night of mourning for my brother Alireza, security forces raided our house and arrested a number of guests as well as my mother and sister, Roghieh. My mother was released after five months but my sister was sentenced to eight years in prison. She was executed in August 1988 while she was just a year away from the end of her sentence.”

The Associate Prosecutor of Evin Prison told Maryam Akbari Monfared’s family: “Such complaints are of no use. They would only make her conditions in prison more difficult and impede her release.”